Liquid and gas mixer



' v 1,629 288 May 17 A. w. MORSE v LIQUID AND GAS MIXER Filed Aug. 1924A/berf M4 Morse INVENTOR MIMI/m V ATTORNEY lit 1 Patented May 17, 1927.

one!) srs ALBERT w. MORSE, on LONG IsLAnn CITY, new YORK. i

LIQUID AND eAs MIXER;

' Application filed August 2, 1924. Serial No. 729,780.

This invention relates to liquid and gas mixers, and particularly todevices in which the liquid is atomized by means of free centrifugalaction and notby moving parts or by stationary baffles or impact.

The principal objects of the invention are to provide a liquid and gasmixing device which will thoroughly and almost instantaneously mix thetwo; to provide a liquid and gas mixing device which will at the sametime uniformly mix the two; to accomplish this by means of freecentrifugal action of the liquid combined with a swirling motion of thegas; to break the liquid up into a hollow cone of minute particles andto deflect the swirling into this cone; and to accomplish this in an.extremely simple manner by utilizing the 'nebulizer disclosed in Patent#876,108, issued January 7, 1908, to Stringham and Elmendorf, incombination with certain novel featuresof construction set forthhereafter.

Other objects will appear in the following specifications in whichapreferred form of my liquid and gas mixer, particularly adapt- .ed tothe mixing of oil and air for burning purposes, is described. Theinvention is illustrated by means of the accompanying drawings, in whichFig. 1 is a Vertical longitudinal sectional View of the mixer;

Fig. 2 is a transverse cross sectional view taken along the plane ofline 2-2 in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of the outlet end ofthe mixer, showing more clearly the relation between the nebulizer andgas deflecting cap and theirrespective details; and

Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view taken along the plane of line 44, inFig. 3.

Like characters of reference denote similar parts throughout the severalviews and the following specification.

10 is a hollow casing of substantially L shape. teriorly to receive anair or gas supply pipe 12. 13 is the longer branch of casing 10, itsterminal being threaded exteriorly at 14. The other end of branch 13,adjacent to branch 11, is bored out to receive a spindle 15. Thisspindle is of hollow construction. being provided with a central duct16. 17 is an enlarged end of spindle 15, projecting slightly overthe endof branch 13 of casing 10, and is threaded interiorly at 18. The extremeother end of oil spindle which of the nebulizer.

to the axis of, outlet 31. gas passage formed; by the inner side of Itsshorter branch 11 is threaded in- 1 projects outside of the casing 10,is threaded exteriorly at 19 toreceive a regulating valve (not shown). vp

20 is a spray nozzle or nebulizer, provided in its center with a hollowcore 21, cylindrical in shape, called the swirl chamber.

.22 is a plug screwed into the lowerpart of nebulizer 20 for the purposeoffi'nachining chamber 21. At the top of the chamber21 and in itscenterzis a small circular outlet opening23. 24 and 25, are smalldrilled passages extending intothe nebulizer 26 at the sides of thechamber 21. 26 and27 are ducts or inlet orifices joining the innermostends of passages 24 and with the upper to fitend 14 of casing 10. 31 isacircular opening through cap which is concentric w th, but of largerdiameter than outlet 23 adjacent and surrounding the outlet 31, are inslight angular relation to'a1perpend1cular is an angular walls 32 ofcap. 30 and the top of. nebulizer 20. Within this passage 33, 'andintegrally cast with cap30, are: a series of ribs'or partitions 34.These ribs 34, in cross section, are so positioned as to be tangentialto a circle slightly reater in diameter than outlet 31, as clearly shownin Fig. 4. 35 is a lock nut to hold cap 30 is any desired adj ustedposition. i f I The operation of this device is, as follows:

Theliquid or oil is admitted into passage 16 under pressure. and isforced through passages 24 and 25 and inlet orifices 26 and 27 intotheswirl chamber 21. By means of the tangential direction of inletorifices 26 and 27 with respect to the wall of the chamber 21.- theliquid is given a swirling moti u of high velocity which breaks up oratomize's im the liquid and expels it through the nebu- Top walls 32 ofcap30, I

lizer outlet 23 in form of a hollow conical mist or spray.

The gas or air is admitted under pressure into the casing through supplypipe 12, then is forced through passage 33 into the hollow conical sprayof liquid issuing from outlet 23. The air is deflected into this sprayin a. tangential direction, being guided by ribs 34 in cap 30, when thecap is screwed closely to the nebulizer, so that its ribs 34 touch thetop of the nebulizer. As the cap is unscrewed, more and more gas isdeflected directly into the liquid spray, in addition to theamountdirected tangentially into it by guide of the ribs 34, thus producing amixture" of widely varying dispersion C and character.

By using this method in an oil burner, for instance, the air is injectednot only directly into the center of the cone shaped spray of oilissuingfrom the nebulizer, but also tangent-ially to the same, that is towardsa circle, the circumference of which is located at a small distance fromthe spray center and concentrically with the same. In devices in whichthe air is deflected only directly into the center of the spray, thespray is compressed toward the center and only a partial mixture of theoil particles and the air is obtained, while combining the directadmission of the air to the center of the spray (which is variableaccording to the nature of the spray by screwing the cap more or lessclosely to thenebulizer) with the tangential direction of the air to theoutside of the conical spray, a better mixture is obtained of highexplosive characteristics, resulting in higher temperatures ofcombustion and corresponding greater eflici'en'cy of operation.

While I have shown the ribs 34 integrally with cap 30, the same can alsobe made integrally with nebulizer 20 instead of the cap,

and the'air directed against the spray is suing from the nebulizer, nottangentially but directly into it, adjacent and right below outlet 31. 7

Furthermore, while I have shown and described the application of myinvention in connection with an oil burner, it is understood that theinvention may be used in connection with any device in which a mixtureof a gasandliqu-id is desired. It is further understood that variouschanges in the form, proportion and minor details of construction may beresorted to without departing from the principle or sacrificing any ofthe adoutside of the spray, the said vanes being in spaced adjustablerelation to thesaid nebulizer for the purpose of admittingsimultaneously a gas into the center of the spray.

2. In a liquid and gas mixer having a discharge opening, a nebulizeradapted to discharge a liquid from an outlet in form of a spray bytangential admission into a swirl chamber within it, an adjustable capdefining the said discharge opening, forming a gas passagesurroundingthe nebulizer adj acent its outlet, the-said gas passagebecoming smaller in size as it approaches the outlet, the said caphaving vanes adjacent its discharge opening tangentially disposed withrespect to the said spray for the purpose of directing a gas against theoutside of the spray, the said vanes being in spaced adjustable relationto the said nebulize'r for the purpose of admitting simultaneously a gasinto the center of the spray.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal.

ALBERT w. Moiasn [1,. a]

